Relying on AI tools like ChatGPT may be making people less intelligent, according to a new study from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT).
The research found that individuals who used AI to write essays showed significantly lower brain activity and performed worse in critical thinking tasks compared to those who completed the tasks unaided. Participants who leaned on AI also struggled more when later asked to complete similar tasks without it.
“Reliance on AI systems can lead to a passive approach and diminished activation of critical thinking skills when the person later performs tasks alone,” the study warned.
Researchers also raised alarms about the long-term educational and cognitive consequences of overusing AI, particularly among students. The study noted potential risks such as increased “cognitive debt,” reduced creativity, and greater vulnerability to manipulation.
This comes amid growing concern in academic circles, as AI use among students continues to rise. A February survey by the Higher Education Policy Institute revealed that 88% of UK students use AI chatbots for learning and assessments, with 18% admitting to direct plagiarism.
The findings contribute to a growing body of evidence suggesting that while AI can assist productivity, overreliance may dull essential human cognitive skills.